information questions

Information questions adalah kalimat tanya yang membutuhkan jawaban berupa explanation (penjelasan). Kata tanya yang digunakan dapat berupa single word: what, where, why, who, whom, whose, which atau how; atau berupa phrase: whose + noun (noun-nya siapa), how long (berapa lama/berapa panjang), how many (berapa banyak), how much (berapa banyak), how often, what time, what kind (tipe/jenis/macam apa), which one (yang manakah), etc. Ada 2 pola information questions, yaitu: a. Jika yang ditanyakan adalah subject kalimat. Inversi auxiliary/be/do/does/did tidak diperlukan. Yang diperlukan hanyalah mengganti subject kalimat dengan kata tanya. Kata tanya yang dapat digunakan dalam pola ini adalah what, who, dan kata tanya berupa phrase (i.e. whose+noun, how many+noun, how much+noun, etc.) . Who What Kata tanya berupa phrase + verb + (object) + (modifier) Contoh: Someone cleaned the house. Who cleaned the house? INCORRECT jika: Who did clean the house? Somebody has been killed. Who has been killed? eny is smiling at her boyfriend’s photo. Who is smiling at her boyfriend’s photo? Embedded Questions Embedded question adalah pertanyaan yang sudah tersirat dalam sebuah kalimat, Subject + verb + KATA TANYA + subject + verb. atau pertanyaan yang sudah tersirat dalam sebuah kalimat tanya yang lain: Auxiliary Be Do/does/did + subject + verb + KATA TANYA + subject + verb. Contoh: Some students still don’t know when they should submit their assignment. INCORRECT jika: Some students still don’t know when should they submit their assignment. Incorrect karena auxilliary should diletakkan sebelum subject kalimat. Nobody can predict when the Lapindo disaster will end. INCORRECT jika: Nobody can predict when will the Lapindo disaster end. Sequance of tenses Past Present Future Simple Past Present Future Continuous Past Continuous Present Continuous Future Continuous Perfect Past Perfect Present Perfect Future Perfect Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Perfect Continuous Contoh penerapannya adalah sebagai berikut: Past Present Future Simple She sang a song She sings a song She will sing a song Continuous She was singing She is singing She will be singing Perfect She had sung She has sung She will have sung Perfect Continuous She had been singing She has been singing She will have been singing Say dan Tell Say dan Tell mempunyai arti yang sedikit berbeda, yaitu "berkata" dan "mengatakan". Dalam tata bahasa (Grammar) Bahasa Inggris, terutama dalam topik Reported Speech, keduanya mempunyai pola yang berbeda. Cara sederhana untuk melihat sepintas perbedaan keduanya adalah pada contoh berikut: - You say something - You tell someone something. You say something You tell someone something Ram said that he was tired Ram told Jane that he was tired. Anthony says you have a new job Anthony tells me you have a new job Tara said: “I love you.” Tara told John that she loved him.